面向少年的NXT 2.0

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下面文字转自http://www.zcsyxx.cn/oblog46/user1/eyanlong/8963.html，译者：炎龙(殷延隆)
该文对新手有帮助，发在新手上路版较合适，可惜我没这个资格，只好放在此处。


{The Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 for teens（1）}

乐高机器人学习资料，业余翻译，翻译不当的地方还请指出，我还改正错误。
acknowledgments
This book represents the hard work of a number of talented individuals to whom I owe a great many thanks. For starters I want to thank Emi Smith, who as acquisitions editor, helped make this book a reality. I especially need to express my gratitude to Jenny Davidson, who served as this book’s project editor. As she has demonstrated so many times in the past, Jenny’s guidance and editorial skills were essential to the success of this book. Thanks also go out to this book’s technical editer, JT Hiquet, for providing invaluable insights and technical advice and to Sandy Doell, who seved as the book’s copyeditor. Lastly, I ‘d be remiss if I did not remember to thank all the people working behind the scenes at Course Technology PTR for all their contributions and hard work.
致谢
本书向那些有才华的人的努力工作表示感谢。首先我要感谢Emi Smith，作为策划编辑使这本书能够成为现实。我尤其需要表达我对Jenny Davidson的感激，她担任本书的项目编辑。在以前她已经多次证明了她的才能，Jenny的指导和编辑的才能是本书出版的关键。同时也感谢本书的技术编辑，JT Hiquet，为本书提供了宝贵的见解和技术咨询，也感谢本书的文字编辑Sandy Doell。最后，我要感谢那些在Course Technology PTR出版社工作的幕后人员，为他们所有的贡献和努力工作。

About The Author
Jerry Lee Ford, Jr. is an author, educator, and an IT professional with over 21 years of experience in information technology, including roles as an automation analyst, technical manager, technical support analyst, automation engineer, and security analyst. He is the author of 36 books and co-author of two additional books. His published works include Getting Started with Game Maker, DarkBASIC programming for the Absolute Beginner, Scratch Programming for teens, Microft Visual Basic 2008 Express Programming for the Absolute Beginner, and Phrogram Programming for the Absolute Beginner. Jerry has a master’s degree in business administration from Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia, and he has over five years of experience as an adjunct instructor teaching networking courses in information technology.
关于作者
Jerry Lee Ford, Jr. 是一个作家，教育家和一个it专业人士在信息技术方面有超过21年经验，包括作为一个自动化分析的角色，技术经理，技术支持工程师，自动化工程师和安全分析师。他是36本书的作者和另外两本书的合作者。他的出版著作包括“与游戏制作者同行”，“为新手准备黑暗BASIC程序”，“青少年从零开始编程”，“Microft Visual Basic 2008 Express Programming for the Absolute Beginner”和“新手Phrogram编程”。(Phrogram是一种儿童编程语言) Jerry有位于弗吉尼亚州里士满的弗吉尼亚州立邦联大学的工商管理硕士学位。并且他作为一个教授信息技术方面的网络课的程助教有超过5年的经验。

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续上

Introduction
Welcome to Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 for Teens! Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 is a programmable robotics kit made by Lego. Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 is the latest version of the kit, released in August 2009. The kit is made up of micro-computer, electronic motors and sensors , as well as various Lego bricks and Lego Technic pieces like beams, axles, and gears, 619 pieces in total.
The Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 kit comes equipped with everything you need to build all sorts of robotic creations. It includes a software programming language called NXT-G, which is used to write the programs that are downloaded into your robotic creations in order to bring them to life. NXT-G is an icon-based, drag-and-drop language, which means that there is no complex programming language that must be mastered.
Until the advent of lego mindstorms, robotic development was the realm in which only an exclusive group of highly educated and technically proficient engineers and programmers were able to play. Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 changes all that. Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 provides you with a complete work for robotic development. It does not require you to have an advanced degree in computer science in order to use it. This book will provide you with everything you need to know in order to get up and running with Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 and NXT-G.
By following along with this book’s step-by-step,hands-on instruction, you will learn how to create all sorts of robotic creations and to develop the program code that will make them work. Although Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 comes in both retail and an education kit, this book will focus on robotic development using the retail kit(set number 8527). This kit is available for purchase at www.lego.com or at your local TOY’R US store. It costs around $280. The educational kit(set number 9797) is almost identical to the retail kit, except that it includes a few additional components.

介绍
欢迎来到乐高 Mindstorms NXT 2.0 for Teens! 乐高 Mindstorms NXT 2.0是由乐高制造的可编程的机器人套装。乐高 Mindstorms NXT 2.0是这套套装的最后一个版本，发布于2009年8月份。这套套件是由微机，电机，传感器，以及各种乐高积木和乐高的工艺零件例如横梁，轴，和齿轮，总共有619块零件。
乐高mindstorms nxt 2.0 套装配备了你建造各种机器人作品所需要的一切东西。它包含了一种被称为NXT-G的编程语言，被用来写下载到你的机器人作品的程序，为了给它们生命。NXT-G是一种基于图形，拖放的语言，那就意味着没有必须要掌握的复杂的编程语言。
直到乐高Mindstorms诞生，机器人的发展在这个只在受过高等教育的人和技术专家以及程序员的群体中比赛的领域里。乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0 改变了这一切。乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0为你提供了一个机器人发展的完整框架。为了使用它，并不需要你有在计算机科学方面的高学位。这本书将提供你需要知道的每一件事情，为了筹备和运行乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0和NXT-G。
通过跟随着本书分步介绍和亲手制作，你将了解怎样建造各种机器人作品和开发让它们工作的程序代码。尽管乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0 分为两种，一种是零售，一种是教育套装，本书重点机器人的开发使用零售套装（型号8527）。这个套装可以通过www.lego.com或者你本地玩具商店美国定价。它的花费大约$280。这个教育套装（型号9797）是几乎和零售套装是一样的，除了之外，它还包含了一些额外元件。

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续上

Why Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0?
Lego Mindstorms is named after a book titled Mindstorms : children, computer, and power Ideas published in 1993. lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 was released on August 1 ,2009. Together, Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 and NXT-G provide you with everything you need to create just about anything you can imagine. Robot creation is a three-step process. First you use Lego bricks to create your robot. Then you use NXT-G to write the program code that makes your creations work. Then you download the program code into the NXT Brick, a small micro-computer that is the brain of your creations, and then step back and watch them come alive.
Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0/NXT-G software runs on Microsoft Windows or Mac OS X. It is easy to install and learn. If your computer has Bluetooth installed, you can use it to wirelessly download your program code. Example of the types of creations you can build include things like:
Robots that move, see, and react to their environment
Different types of vehicles (car, tanks, etc.)
Robotic arms like those used in manufacturing plants
A robotic warning system that alerts you when someone enters your room
Robotic animals that move and act like their real-life counterparts
Of course, Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 doesn’t limit you to the types of robotic creations listed above. You can use it to create pretty much anything you can imagine.

为什么叫乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0?
乐高Mindstorms 是以这本出版于1933年的书的名称《Mindstorms : children, computer, and power ideas》命名的。乐高Mindstorms NXT2.0发布于2009年8月1日。总之，乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0 和NXT-G提供给你一切你能想象到的创建的东西。机器人的建立有三个步骤。首先你使用乐高积木建立你的机器人。然后你使用NXT-G编写程序使你的作品工作。最后你下载程序代码到NXT控制器中，一个小的微型电脑它是你的作品的大脑，后退一步看看它是否能活动。
乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0/NXT-G软件运行于微软视窗系统或者苹果os x。它是非常容易安装和学习的。如果你的电脑上装有蓝牙，你能使用无线下载你的程序。你能建造作品的类型的例子包括这些东西例如：
机器人移动，看，和对外界环境的反应。
不同类型的车辆（汽车，坦克等等）。
在制造工厂中使用的机器人手臂。
机器人预警系统，当有人进入你的房间的时候警告你。
机械动物，移动和行动都像真实生活中。
当然，乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0 不限制你创建上面列举的作品的类型。你能用它创建几乎你能想象到的任何事物。


Who should read this book?
Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 for Teens has been designed to meet the needs of anyone interested in learning about robotic development using Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0. As this book will show you, building your own robotic creations is a lot of fun. It’s a lot more fun than any robot toy you can buy. This book will not only teach you the basic principles behind good robotic design but will also give you a solid understanding of the programming principles involved in the creation of NXT-G programs. By the time you are done with this book, you will have learned how to create all sorts of cool projects.
Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 is enough for kids as young as 10 years old to learn while at the same time is powerful to meet the needs of adults and advanced robotic hobbyists. It provides everything you will need to complete even the most advanced robotic project, including a powerful microcomputer, servo motors, and a variety of sensors that can detect color, light, movement, distance, and touch. Software features include editors that let you download and play sound files on the NXT Brick as well as an image editor that you can use to create graphics and display them on the NXT Brick’s LCD. There is even a remote control application that you can use to control your robots.
While previous robotic development and programming experience is helpful, it is not a requirement of this book. You only need have a good understanding of either Microsoft Windows or Mac os x to get started. If you know how to operate a computer and are comfortable working with applications like Microsoft Office, you’ll be surprised how quickly you will pick things up.
Advanced robotic developers, on the other hand, will be happy to learn that Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0’s development work provides everything required to develop advanced projects. As such, it is a great tool for quickly building and testing prototypes. It can be used to create stand-alone robots or robots that are designed to interact with other robots. You can even use certain Bluetooth-enabled telephones to interact with and control your robots. All you need to get up and running quickly is Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 and this book. In no time at all, you will be building and playing with all kinds of robots and mechanized systems and models.

谁读这本书？
Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 for Teens是被设计成满足任何有兴趣用乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0开发机器人的人。作为本书将告诉你，建造自己的机器人作品是很快乐的。它比任何你能买到的机器人玩具都好玩。本书不仅能教你好的机器人设计的原则，也能给你一个坚实的编程原则的理解，涉及NXT-G程序作品。等你看完这本书，你会学习到怎样建立各种各样的很酷的项目。
乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0 对于10岁的孩子来说是学习足够的，同时也有力的满足成年人和高级机器人爱好者的需要的。它提供了你能完成最先进的机器人项目的一切东西，包括一个强大的微处理器，伺服马达，各种传感器包括检测颜色，光，移动，距离和碰触。软件特征包括编辑器，在NXT控制器让你下载和播放声音文件，而且有一个图像编辑器你能用它建立图像和在NXT控制器的LCD上显示它们。甚至有一个遥控器应用程序用来控制你的机器人。
虽然以前机器人开发和编程经验是有帮助的，它不是本书所必须的。你只要对微软视窗或mac osx之一有个好的理解就可以开始了。如果你知道怎么操作一台电脑，很好的应用微软office，你会很惊奇的发现你会很快学会的。
先进的机器人开发，从另一方面来说，有助于学习乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0的开发框架，它提供了开发先进项目的一切东西。因此，它是一个很棒的工具，对于快速建造和测试技术原型。它可以建立一个独立的机器人或者设计互相影响的机器人。你甚至可以使用某些蓝牙功能的手机交互和控制你的机器人。所有你需要快速启动和运行是NXT2.0和这本书。你马上建立和运行各种机器人、机械系统和模型。

What you need to begin?
As I mentioned, Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 comes in two versions, a retail version that sells for around $280 and an education set. The education set contains everything that the retail version has plus a few additional components. This book is based on the retail version, although the education set can be used if that’s what you have.
The Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 kit comes with everything you need to get started except for a computer, which you will need to develop programs for your projects. Although there are dozens of third-party programming languages with varying levels of complexity that can be used, NXT-G is arguably the simplest and easiest to learn and is the programming language used throughout this book.
The Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 software will run on any of the following versions of Microsoft Windows.
Windows xp with service pack 2 (home edition, professional)
Windows vista with service pack 1
Windows 7
In addition, the Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 software will also run on all of the following versions of Mac OS X.
Mac ox x 10.3 10.4 10.5
Although various versions of Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X are supported, this book will demonstrate the execution of NXT-G software on a system running windows vista. Regardless of which operating systems you use , the steps you follow and the program code that is generated is the same.
In order to install and operate Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 on a Microsoft Windows system, your computer must meet the minimum hardware requirements listed in the following table. However, for good performance, you will want to make sure that you computer exceeds these requirements.

你需要开始
前面我提到，乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0 分为两种版本，一个零售版卖大概280美元，另一个是教育版。这个教育版包含了零售版一切又加上了一些额外的元件。这本书基于零售版，如果你有的话，教育版也能使用。
乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0 套装有你开始需要的一切东西除了一台你开发你的项目程序的电脑。虽然有不同级别的复杂性的第三方编程语言可以使用，NXT-G是可以说是最简单的和容易学习的，是本书自始至终使用的编程语言。
乐高Mindstorms NXT 2.0 软件将运行于下列微软视窗版本：
Windows xp with service pack 2 (home edition, professional)
Windows vista with service pack 1
Windows 7
此外，乐高Mindstorms NXT2.0软件将运行于下列版本Mac OS X：
Mac ox x 10.3 10.4 10.5
虽然各种版本都支持，本书将展示的NXT-G程序都在windows vista系统上运行。无论你使用的哪种操作系统，你的操纵步骤和程序都是相同的。
为了在微软的视窗系统上安装和操作乐高Mindstorms NXT2.0，你的电脑必须满足下表中列出的硬件的最小配置。为了良好的运行，你确信你的电脑超过这些要求。

Resource            Minimum requirement
Processor 1GHz intel (1.5GHz recommended)
Memory   512M
Hard disk  700M
cd-rom    Any speed
Display    xga(1024X768)
Usb port   1
Bluetooth adapter optional

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局外人 发表于 2011-7-7 23:07
我来帮你移到新手区

谢谢！希望对新手有帮助。

斯螽动股

我个人体会，NXT-G虽然很直观且容易上手，但要理解编程和机器人技术，还是NXC好些。感谢楼主的热情翻译，为向我这样英语不好的新手提供了更乐于接受的乐高中文资料！

yangg025

楼主强啊。

铭炜

应该说NXT-G与NXC各有好处，NXT的高级模块也能做出很多东西，而且目前NXT使用较多的小学和中学生，他们对于C本来就不够熟悉，用C来写好像更多的是老师的杰作，除了一部分学生之外！

zz蓝海zz

今天看了有关版权的讨论贴，想想还是把出处写清楚一点，标明了译者和文章出处。谢谢大家围观这个贴子，但请大家不要误会，文章不是我翻译的，是炎龙(殷延隆)，出处：http://www.zcsyxx.cn/oblog46/user1/eyanlong/8963.html。

jchao1122

谢谢楼主分享。

爱乐

学习了明白了

kentgong

谢谢楼主分享

wxmufeng

谢谢分享~~~

zhujinbao

谢谢楼主分享。

10086

.........................强

ZNZGB

谢谢楼主分享。